Background and objective: The incidence of acute
pulmonary emblism (APE) in Thailand are unknown.
With new diagnostic tools and current advanced
knowledge, APE was discovered to be much more
frequent in Thailand than earlier believed. Clinical
outcome of APE had not been previously firmly
identified. The aim of this study was to evaluation
signs, symptoms, laboratory data, treatments and
outcomes of patients diagnosed with APE in
emergency department (ED).
Methods: The study design was retrospective
descriptive study. We searched electronic databases
(Jan. 2008 – Nov. 2018) for patients with suspected
APE and diagnosed by computed tomographic
pulmonary angiography (CTPA) in Srinagarind hospital.
Results: A total of 110 patients with confirmed APE
was enrolled from ED. 67 patients were female
(60.91%). The age of patients varied from 22 to 91
years old. The mean age was 62.4 years old.
Malignancy was the most frequent co-morbidity
(48.18%). The most common presenting symptoms
and signs were dyspnea (86.36%), followed by
tachypnea (66.36%) and tachycardia (50.91%). The
most frequent radiographic abnormalities were
pulmonary parenchymal lesions (40.91%). Most
electrocardiograms were sinus tachycardia (50%).
Echocardiography findings were RV dilatation in most cases (48.44%). D-dimer, Troponin-T and NT pro-BNP
were increased in patients with APE. The mortality
rate at the hospital admission was 5 in 110 patients
(4.55%).
Conclusion: The most common clinical characteristics
of APE patients in ED were dyspnea similar to previous
reports in other countries. The mortality rate showed
no difference when compared to previous studies.
Keywords: acute pulmonary embolism, clinical
presentation, emergency department