DNA barcoding has been proven as an effective and accurate tool for species
identification all throughout the world. In this study, the technique was used to molecularly
identify different species of the two major commercially important fish families (Carangidae
and Lutjanidae) collected in Cuyo Island, Palawan. The island is a part of Coral triangle which
is well recognized as a global apogee of marine biodiversity. It is also a major source of
commercially important fishes being shipped to other neighboring provinces including Metro
Manila. An estimated >600 base pair region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit
I (COI) gene was amplified using four sets of universal primers. Fourteen high quality COI
sequences were amplified and submitted to GenBank and IBOL database representing 7 species
of carangids and 7 species of snappers. The generated sequences were compared to the
published COI sequences in public databases and revealed 99-100% identity. Genetic distances
were also calculated using Kimura-two parameter (K2P) model along with the construction of
Neighbour-joining tree to support the identification. Overall, K2P distance was 20.3% with
22.5% and 20.5% genetic distances corresponding to interfamily and interorder divergences. A
strong, cohesive and distinct clusters representing the taxonomic status of each of the species
was also evident. Among the molecularly identified fishes in the island, one species of trevally,
Caranx sexfasciatus was tagged with “decreasing population” by International Union for the
Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The inventory of these commercially important aquatic species
in Cuyo Island, Palawan is important to identify their sources for export, domestic consumption
and aquaculture purposes. It is also vital in implementing efficient assessment and management
of the stocks. With the baseline information that is generated by the study, the fisherfolks will
know the richness of their resources.
Keywords
molecular species identification, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1, genetic divergence
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY
Published by : Association of Agricultural Technology in Southeast Asia (AATSEA) Contributions welcome at : http://www.ijat-aatsea.com
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