ENGINEERING JOURNAL CHIANG MAI UNIVERSITY

Volume 27, No. 01, Month APRIL, Year 2020, Pages 57 - 71

Testing of nano-emulsified fuel in direct- injection diesel engine

Kammarat Rodniam, Krit Somnuk and Gumpon Prateepchaikul

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The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of diesel-biodiesel-water emulsion fuel on the exhaust emission contents (O2, CO2, CO, HC and NOx), specific fuel consumption (SFC), and brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of a single-cylinder diesel engine. The Span80 and Tween80 of 6 vol.% were used as the emulsifier to homogenously blend the emulsion fuel, which consisted of 42 vol.% diesel, 50 vol.% biodiesel, 2 vol.% water (D42B50W2S3T3). The dieselbiodiesel-water emulsion fuel was produced using 18 kHz and 1,000W ultrasonic probe type within 60 sec sonication time. For the engine testing, diesel, biodiesel, and emulsion fuel were used as fuels to compare the exhaust emission contents, SFC, and BSFC with engine load of 0% 25% 50%, and 75% at 2300 rpm. The results showed that D42B50W2S3T3 blend emitted 708.7 ppm NOx which was increased by 19.0% and 3.71%, when compared with diesel and biodiesel, respectively. While 105.3 ppm HC emission was emitted for combustion of emulsion fuel which was decreased by 4.7% for diesel and 7.4% for biodiesel with 75% engine load and 2,300 rpm. However, 545.8 ppm CO emission was increased by 26.1% and 16.6% with diesel and biodiesel, respectively. Regarding the specific fuel consumptions (SFC) of emulsion fuel are lower than biodiesel at all engine load. At 75% engine load and 2300 rpm, 1.56 kg/hr of SFC obtained from the emulsion fuel which was decreased by 4.07% and increased by 1.34% as compared to biodiesel and diesel, respectively. For brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), 0.26 kg/kW.hr produced by emulsion fuel which was decreased by 4.07% and increased by 1.32% as compared to biodiesel and diesel, respectively. In conclusion, the emulsion blend can reduced the NOx and HC emissions in a DI diesel engine with 75% engine load at 2300 rpm. Therefore, D42B50W2S3T3 blend are alternatives usable in a diesel engine without modifications.

Keywords

emulsion fuel; emission; specific fuel consumption; biodiesel

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