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ENGINEERING JOURNAL CHIANG MAI UNIVERSITY


Volume 26, No. 01, Month APRIL, Year 2019, Pages 93 - 106


Water distribution network model of epanet, provincial waterworks authority, phichit branch office

Sippanon Kingkum, Adichai Pornprommin and Surachai Lipiwattanakarn


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Provincial Waterworks Authority, Phichit Branch Office (PWAP), is undergoing supplied water pressure problem, where water pressure is lower than the specified criteria. Water pressure is lower than 7 m when water demand is highest (at 07.00 am). However, when water demand is lowest (at 03.00 am), water pressure is too high, and that causes high water losses. The reasons are that water pressure at the source does not relate to water demand, and pipe sizes used in some locations are too small. Therefore, a new water pressure management is proposed to solve the problem. This study uses the mathematical model, called EPANET 2.0, to simulate the PWAP network. We collects water pressure data from 11 locations and supplied water quantities from 12 locations. Assessed data from the model are compared with the field data. It is found that there is 0.16 m difference in average water pressure all the time (1.19% variation). The objective of this study is to maintain at least 7-meter water pressure all the time in the studied area while excess water pressure can be reduced when water demand is low. The result shows that water pressure can be reduced from 16.80 m to 13.79 m. Therefore, the average supplied water is reduced from 552.88 cu.m/hr to 505.71 cu.m/hr, in which water losses reduce 47.17 cu.m/hr or 5.59% reduction. At the same time, water pressure in the study area can maintain at 7 meter for all time. To study the hydraulic reliability of pipe networks, first we applied the Resilience Index Ir, of which the value should range between 0 and 1, but it turns out to have negative values at some time intervals in this study because at present many customers in some district metered areas (DMAs) receive water pressure lower than the minimum required level. Moreover, in DMAs 04 and 06 locate farthest, the value of Ir is higher than 1, meaning that the total water power at inlets of DMAs is severely insufficient. Thus, in this study, the Standards Compliance (I5) is selected. The results of this research show that the lowest value of I5 for water users increases when our new water pressure management is applied. The values of I5 for the present management are lower than 1 in some DMAs, but they are higher than 1 for all DMAs after applying the new management. In conclusion, by using our new management, water powers received by water users are higher than the threshold (Pext > Pmin,ext ). This implies that water users receive both sufficient flow and pressure that meet their demand.


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ENGINEERING JOURNAL CHIANG MAI UNIVERSITY


Published by : Faculty of Engineering Chiang Mai University
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